Investigate on the Relationship between ACTN3 Gene Polymorphism with Talent Identification Indices in Boy Adolescent Weightlifters in Ardabil City

Mirzaei, Shahnaz (2019) Investigate on the Relationship between ACTN3 Gene Polymorphism with Talent Identification Indices in Boy Adolescent Weightlifters in Ardabil City. Masters thesis, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili.

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Abstract

Research Aim: Several polymorphisms have been identified in the last decade that have a significant relationship with sport performance. Meanwhile, ACTN3 gene has been identified as a suitable agent for athletic talent that can be effective in guiding adolescents to related sports. Therefore the aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between ACTN3 gene polymorphism and talent identification indices in male adolescent weightlifters in Ardabil city. Reearch method: The research subjects were 16 male weightlifters in Ardabil city. Evaluated sport performance included upper body strength (chest press), lower body strength (scott), finger strength (dynamometer), lower body explosive power (pair jump), upper body explosive power (overhead throwing), abdominal muscle endurance (sit-up), flexibility (modified sit and reach), and velocity (30 m) that were measured by field methods. The polymorphism of ACTN3 gene was determined and compared using polymerase (tetra-arms PCR) chain reaction and direct sequencing of DNA through salivary samples. ANOVA test was used to compare the sport performance between ACTN3 gene polymorphisms and their relationship, and chi- square test was used to evaluate the frequency of ACTN3 gene polymorphis. Findings: The results showed a significant difference in the frequency of ACTN3 gene polymorphisms between subjects, which Was the most frequent in heterozygous RX genotype, intact or wild RR homozygote, and methanogenic XX homozygous, respectively (RX=10, RR=5, XX=1) (P=0.02). The results showed no significant difference in performance indices between the ACTN3 gene polymorphisms (RR, RX, XX) (p<0.05). Conclusion: In general the results showed superiority of the heterozygous RX genotype (63%) and the healthy homozygote RR (31%) in the ACTN3 gene in male adolescent weightlifters in Ardabil city. However, no significant differences were observed in performance indices among all three ACTN3 genotypes (RR, RX, XX), which requires further research in this area. Given that RX genotype was predominant in the young male weightlifter population in Ardabil city, this genotype may be useful for talent identification in strength and power exercises in this region.

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