Response of some ornamental plants to Meloidogyne javanica and evaluation of synergistic effect of Fusarium solani with nematode in some of them

Maghsoudi, Amin (2020) Response of some ornamental plants to Meloidogyne javanica and evaluation of synergistic effect of Fusarium solani with nematode in some of them. Masters thesis, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili.

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Abstract

Given the economic importance of growing flowers and ornamental plants in the world, the use of new technologies and methods in the improvement of ornamental plants as well as recognizing their pathogens and quarantine can play an important role in marketing and trading these products in international markets.. Fusarium and Meloidogyne root-knot nematodes are the most common ornamental pathogens in the world.This experiment was performed on nine different ornamental plants with the aim of determining the amount of damage caused by the nematode Meloidogyne javanica and the synergistic damage of fungi and greenhouse nematodes of ornamental plants.The nematode population was isolated from the nematology collection of Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan and the tested fungal species from the roots and crowns of several cacti grown in Ardabil greenhouses. After propagating the nematode population and planting and preparing experimental plants, the plants were inoculated with nematodes and the control plants were irrigated only. The plants are harvested after three months of storage in a greenhouse with a temperature of 25-28 degrees Celsius and a light period of at least 14 hours. Aerial and root were examined. The studied parameters were compared in pairs between nematode infested and control treatments. Based on the comparison between inoculated plants with nematodes, the highest number of nodes was obtained in ornamental plant Begonia Beatrice, followed by Begonia crackling without a statistically significant difference in a common statistical group. The lowest number of nodes was obtained in ornamental plants Ferocactus and Aloe varigata In this group, there were Myrtillocactus geometrizans without knots. Most of the Tradescantia spathacea replicates were eliminated due to high susceptibility to nematode infestation. The growth factors studied were also affected in most of the more contaminated plants. In this study, the synergy of these two pathogens on Ferocactus was studied by two conventional methods. In the first method, simultaneous inoculation of fungi and nematodes and in the second method, inoculation of fungi was performed 15 days after nematode inoculation. The results of the synergistic test with the first method showed that in terms of shoot length and shoot weight, control treatment with nematode inoculated treatment had the highest shoot shoot length in the plant and the shoot shoot had the lowest shoot length. It belonged to a nematode inoculated treatment with fungi. In terms of root length and weight, control plants showed the highest root length and weight compared to other treatments with a significant difference. The lowest root length and weight belonged to nematode inoculation treatment with fungi. The results obtained from the synergistic experiment with the second method showed the same result as the previous method, so that in terms of shoot length and shoot weight, the control treatment with inoculation treatment with nematodes without significant differences, the most Showed the amount and the shortest shoot length belonged to nematode inoculation treatment with fungus. Similar results were obtained for root length. In terms of root weight, control plants had the highest value and the lowest value in nematode and fungus inoculated treatments observed between the results of the present study, in addition to determining the importance of root-knot nematodes and root rot caused by F. solani in ornamental plants. , Also showed the Synergistic of these two pathogens in increasing the damage to ornamental plants.

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