The relationship between anthropometrical, biomechanical and physical-motion fitness parameters with performance of track and field in young elite girls

Pourrahim Ghouroghchi, Ameneh The relationship between anthropometrical, biomechanical and physical-motion fitness parameters with performance of track and field in young elite girls. University of Mohaghegh Ardabili.

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Abstract

Introduction: The relationship between anthropometrical, biomechanical and physical-motion fitness parameters with performance of track and field is important. The Aim was the relationship between between anthropometrical, biomechanical and physical-motion fitness parameters with performance of track and field in young elite girls. Methods: In this descriptive study, subjects were selected from 122 elite runner girls 14-16 years old, participated in the national championship of the country selection 1397 in Ardabil. Anthropometrical, biomechanical and physical-motion fitness parameters were measured by Rydkov questionnaires in 60m (28), 60m hurdle ruu (26), 400m (28), 800m (n=24), 1500m (n=25), 3000m (n=22), 4×100m relay race (n=22) running, triple jump (n=28), high jump (n=22), weight throw (n=26), discus throw (n=25) and javelin throw (n=23). Pearson᾽s correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationships between variables at P<0/05. Results: In anthropometrical parameters; there was a significant negative relationship between hip length (r=-0.504,P=0.010) and a significant positive relationship between trunk circumference at hip (r=0.462,P=0.020) with 400m time; a significant negative relationship between head circumference (r=-0.571,P=0.004) and forearm length (r=-0.435, P=0.035) with 800m time; a significant negative relationship between arm length (r=-0.411,P=0.041), hip circumference (r=-0.487,P=0.014), leg length (r=-0.509,P=0.009) and hand length (r=-0.595,P=0.002) and a significant positive relationship between palm length (r=0.481,P=0.015) with 1500m time; a significant negative relationship between wrist circumference (r=-0.439,P=0.041) with 3000m time; a significant negative relationship between arm length (r=-0.420,P=0.026) and leg length (r=-0.434,P=0.021) and a significant positive relationship between trunk circumference at hip (r=0.394,P=0.038) with 4×100m relay race time. In contrast, there was no significant relationship between anthropometrical parameters with 60m and 60m hurdle ruu time (P>0/05).There was a significant negative relationship between hand action and reaction time (r=-0.545, P=0.009) with high jump distance. There was a significant negative relationship between hand action and reaction time (r=-0.458, P=0.028) with javelin throw distance. In contrast, there was no significant relationship between anthropometrical parameters with triple jump distance, weight throw and discus throw (P>0/05). In biomechanical parameters, there was a positive significant relationship between elbow flexion (r=0.407,P=0.048) and a negative significant relationship between ankle dorsi flexion (r=-0.464,P=0.022) with 60m hurdle ruu time; a significant positive relationship between hip hyperadduction (r=-0.531,P=0.005) with 400m time; a positive significant relationship between trunk flexion (r=0.656,P=0.001) and a negative significant relationship between ankle inversion (r=-0.442,P=0.030) and with 800m time; a negative significant relationship between shoulder hyperextension (r=-0.473,P=0.017) with 1500m time; a positive significant relationship between neck extension (r=0.646,P=0.001) and neck lateral bend left (r=0.563,P=0.006), and a negative significant relationship between ankle eversion (r=-0.440,P=0.040) 3000m time; a significant positive relationship between neck lateral bend right (r=0.418,P=0.028), neck lateral bend right left (r=0.382,P=0.045)and shoulder abduction (r=0.379,P=0.047), and a negative significant relationship between hip hyperextension (r=0.398,P=0.038) with 4×100m relay race time. There was a negative significant relationship between bend right neck (r=-0.378,P=0.047), bend left trunk (r=-0.461,P=0.013), shoulder abduction (r=-0.500,P=0.007), shoulder hyperadduction (r=-0.564,P=0.002), wrist flexion (r=-0.398,P=0.036), hip hyperextension (r=-0.739,P=0.001) and knee flexion (r=-0.516,P=0.005); and a positive significant relationship between wrist extension (r=0.490,P=0.008) and ankle plantar flexion (r=0.461,P=0.014) with triple jump distance; a negative significant relationship between neck extension (r=-0.425,P=0.049) and bend left neck (r=-0.523,P=0.012) with high jump distance; a positive significant relationship between ankle inversion (r=-0.505,P=0.010) and eversion (r=-0.404,P=0.045) with discus throw distance; a positive significant relationship between wrist extension (r=-0.416,P=0.048) with javelin throw distance. In physical-motion fitness parameters, there was a significant negative relationship between trunk¬ flexibility (r=-0.448,P=0.022), left hand strength (r=-0.445,P=0.023) and left leg strength (r=-0.472,P=0.015) with 60m (n=26) time; a significant negative relationship between static balance (r=-0.454,P=0.026) and a significant positive relationship between length jump (r=0.408,P=0.048) with 800m time; a significant negative relationship between length jump (r=-0.482,P=0.015) with 1500m time; a significant positive relationship between dynamic balance (lateral) (r=0.455,P=0.033) with 3000m time. In contrast, there was no significant relationship between physical-motion fitness parameters with 60m hurdle run, 400m and 4×100m relay race time (P>0/05). There was a significant negative relationship between hand action and reaction time (r=-0.545, P=0.009) with high jump distance. There was a significant negative relationship between hand action and reaction time (r=-0.458, P=0.028) with javelin throw distance. In contrast, there was no significant relationship between physical-motion fitness parameters with triple jump distance, weight throw and discus throw (P>0/05). Conclusions: It is recommended that coaches pay attention to the results of this study when choosing teenage elite young girls to select and substitute of talented runners for saveing time and money and gaining more success in reaching the peak of athletic performance.

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