Identification of some pathogenic fungi on turfgrass in Ardabil greenspace

Samiee, Mahsa (2020) Identification of some pathogenic fungi on turfgrass in Ardabil greenspace. Masters thesis, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili.

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Abstract

Research Aim: Turfgrass is one of the important cultivated plants in Ardabil greenspace which has important environmental functions in addition to its aesthetic benefits. Fungal diseases are the most common turfgrass diseases affecting this plant in all stages of growth and finaly result in dying and decline. In this research, fungi associated with turfgeass diseases in Ardabil greenspace were identified and studied. Research method: Sampling of turfgrass with yellowing and dying symptoms was done in summer, autmn and winter 2018. The samples were transferred to the laboratory in seprate paper bags containing sample code. In order to isolate fungal agents from infected tissues, the prepared pices were disinfected in Sodium Hypochlorite 0/5% and then washed in sterile distilled water twice. the pices were placed in PDA medium after drying on sterile filter paper. The isolated fungi were purified by single spore or hyphea tip method and identified using valid mycological keys. The pathogenicity test was performed including cultivation of turfgrass seeds, preparation of inuclum, inoculation of turfgrass seedlings with some isolates and investigation of the presence or absence of symptoms on different parts of the seedling. These studies were performed in greenhouse and laboratory conditions. Findings: Totally, 356 fungal isolates were obtained from turfgrasses with yellowing and dying symptoms that only 200 isolates were identified by genus or species. Based on authentic keys and references, morphological identification of isolates was done and and Alternaria consortialis, A. dumosa, A. infectoria, A. tenuissima, Alternaria sp., Bipolaris australiensis, B. spicifera, B. sorokiniana, Bipolaris sp.1, Bipolaris sp.2, Bipolaris sp.3, Bipolaris sp.4, Cladosporium basiinflatum, C. globisporum, Colletotrichum Like, Curvularia sp., Epicoccum sp., Nigrospora sp., Fusarium acutatum, F. anthophilum, F. armeniacum, F. avenaceum, F. compactum, F. crookwellense, F.equiseti, F. graminearum, F. oxysporum, F. sambucinum, F. semitectum, F. solani, F. sterilihyphosum, Phoma sp., Pythium cf. dissotocum, Pythium sp., Stemphyllium sp. And Uromyces sp. were identified. Conclusion: The genus Fusarium had the highest abundance with 72 isolates and the genera Alternaria and Pythium ranked the second to third frequencies, respectively. Among the isolates, F. crookwellense was the most frequent one. The genera Cladosporium, Nigrospora, Stemphillium and Curvularia were isolated from the leaves and other genera Fusarium and Pythium were obtained from root and crown. Alternaria consortialis, A. dumosa, A. infectoria, Cladosporium basiinflatum, C. globisporum, Fusarium acutatum, F. anthophilum, F. armeniacum and F. semitectum are reported for the first time in and the world on turfgrass

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