Determination of Energy Consumption for Wheat Production and its GIS Maps in Ardabil

Mousavizad, Mir Mohsen (2017) Determination of Energy Consumption for Wheat Production and its GIS Maps in Ardabil. Masters thesis, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili.

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Abstract

In this research, the energy flow in wheat fields and rain fed fields of Ardabil city was evaluated and compared in the years 2016-17. The indicators of energy ratio, net energy gain, energy intensity, energy productivity, total input energy and total output were calculated and GIS map was prepared for these indices. The questionnaires were designed and according to the size of the population under study, the sample size was determined by the Cochran formula. Primary data were obtained through field survey and personal interviews using questionnaires from farmers in all 9 villages. Inputs included seeds, fertilizer, toxins, irrigation, fuel, agricultural machines,‌ human muscle power and transportation while output products including grains and straw. Secondary data and energy equivalents were obtained from available literature using collected data of the production period. Analysis of data showed that the total input energy in both wheat and rainfed crops, the fuel had the highest energy consumption and the transport variable was also the lowest. The results showed that the average input energy for wheat fields and rain fed wheat fields was 17730.61 and 12109.91 MJ ha-1, respectively. The average output-to-input ratio for wheat fields was 4.7 and for rain fed wheat fields was 2.04. The average energy intensity for wheat fields and rain fed fields was 3.87 and 6.9 MJ kg-1 and the average energy productivity was estimated to be 0.34 and 0.14 kgMJ-1, respectively. From the positivity of the net energy gain of wheat cultivation in 9 regions, it was found that the cultivation of this product in these areas was justified. Wheat fields of Kalkhoran village and rain fed farms of Sardabeh village had better management than other villages and were more efficient in energy consumption. In general, energy garlic for wheat production in Ardebil was more effective in wheat fields than rain fed wheat fields. Also, using the GIS, all farm data can be analyzed and with the management of the agricultural system can benefit most from the agricultural inputs used in wheat production.

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