Generation mean analysis for quantitative traits and antioxidant enzymes activity in maize under water deficit stress

Moharramnejad Chakherlo, sajjad (2017) Generation mean analysis for quantitative traits and antioxidant enzymes activity in maize under water deficit stress. Doctoral thesis, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili.

Text (تجزیه میانگین نسل¬ها برای صفات کمی و آنزیم¬های آنتی اکسیدان در ذرت تحت تنش کم¬آبی) Sajjad Moharramnejad Chakherlo.pdf Download (734kB)

Abstract

Due to the increasing of drought stress in the country and the importance of maize as a strategic product, improved maize varieties to drought tolerance is high priority. In order to study the effect of two water deficit on maize genetic structure and gene action. A field trial was carried out, during two appropriate growing seasons (2014-2015) at the Research Station of University of Tabriz. The experiment was performed in a randomized complete block design with maize populations (P1, P2, F1, BC1, BC2, F2 with two hybrids: NS640 and SC740). Agronomic traits (Plant height, seed yield and its components), physiological traits (RWC and pigment contents) biochemical traits (Total phenolics, protein content, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, proline and glycine betaine contents) and antioxidant enzyme activities on polyacrylamide gels were evaluated. Compound analyses of year and water deficit stress in maize population showed that agronomy and physiology traits significantly decreased under water deficit stress, but total phenolics, osmolyte accumulations and antioxidant enzyme activities significantly increased. The results of adequacy of additive-dominant models showed epistasic effects for the majority of agronomy and physiology traits. Duplication epsitasy was observed for plant height, number of kernels per row, seed yield and RWC. The results of adequacy of additive-dominant models showed no-epistasic effects for the majority of biochemical traits and antioxidant enzyme activities. Different gene's effects in water deficit stress conditions, and different amount of heritability for measuring traits showed a complex genetic mechanism for drought tolerance in maize. A multiple regression analysis on grain yield of maize was employed under water stress conditions. This analysis showed that grain yield reduction in maize population was interrelated with number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row, GB and proline contents and Cu/Zn-SOD activity. The applied water deficit stress enhanced expression of Cu/Zn-SOD gene about 37 percent in maize population. Among the maize population, MO17 and SC704 which displayed maximum total antioxidant and osmolyte contents and expression of Cu/Zn-SOD gene. Overall, Cu/Zn-SOD activities, and GB and proline contents were found to be potential biochemical indicators of drought resistance in the maize population used in the present study

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