Study of Bioecology and natural enemies of Sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hem.: Scutelleridae) in Nir Kuraeym region.

Honarmand, Parisa and Nuri-Ganbalani, Gadir and Asghar Fathi, Ali and Ebrahimi, Ebrahim (2008) Study of Bioecology and natural enemies of Sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hem.: Scutelleridae) in Nir Kuraeym region. Masters thesis, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili.

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Abstract

Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Put., is the most important pest of wheat and other cereal crops in Iran and Middle East. In this investigation, the population density of various life stages of Sunn pest and its natural enemies was studied on Sardari dry wheat cultivar in each of 1500, 1550 and 1600 meter heights in Kuraeym region in 2007 and 1600, 1650 and 1700 meter heights in Giwi region in 2008. Also, the population of various life stages of Sunn pest and its natural enemies was studied on three different host plants including Sardari dry wheat, Gaskogen irrigated wheat and Sahand dry barley in Kuraeym region in 2007 and on Sardari dry wheat, Azar 2 dry wheat and Sahand dry barley in Giwi region in 2008. Samples in both region were taken by quadrat and sweep net method from May till Agust of years 2007 and 2008. In both region Trissolcus grandis Thomson (Hym: Scelionidae) were identified as the dominant egg parasitoids species and Ooencyrtus sp. (Hym: Encyrtidae) was collected in a lower frequencies. Also, four species of parasitoid tachinid flies including Ectophasia oblonga Role-Desv., Phasia subcoleoptrata L. Eliozeta helluo F. and Elomyia Lateralis Meig. were collected from the adult stage.The results showed that, the population of overwintering adults, eggs, nymphs and the amount of Sunn pest damage was higher in low elevations than higher elevations. In contrast. the population of newly emerged adults was higher in higher elevations than lower elevations. These results show that newly emerged adults of Sunn pest migrate to high elevations because of more damage by overwintering bugs and nymphs as well as food shortage in lower elevations. Also, in Kuraeym region at the height of 1500 meter, the population of parasitoids wasps and flies was higher than the 1550 and 1600 meter heights, because the existance of the willow and popolus trees which provided winter shelters for this natural enemies. It can be compared with Giwi region, in which, in the height of 1700, the population of egg parasitoids were higher than the heights of 1600 and 1650 meter, because of the absence of trees. In the margin of wheat field, there were howthorn trees which served as winter shelters for this natural enemies. The results also showed that the amount of Sunn pest damage and the population of natural enemies on Sardari dry wheat cultivar was more than Sahand dry barley. This result demonestrated that the host plant may have an impact on the population of Sunn pest and its natural enemies

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