CRISPR mediated genome editing in plants: An overview

خضری, مریم and زارع, ناصر CRISPR mediated genome editing in plants: An overview. In: 2nd International and 6th National Iranian Congress on Organic vs. Conventional Agriculture, August 2019, Ardabil, Iran.

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Abstract

Genome Editing with Engineered Nucleases (GEEN) is a technique in genetic engineering that makes it easy to modify the genome of all species.Most of the genome engineering methods are based on the combined effort of a nuclease, and an exogenous DNA, which encodes the desired edits. So that an induced DSB (Double Stranded DNA Breaks) introduced at a specific site by the engineered nuclease then the cell repairs the DSB by natural processes of Homology-directed Repair = HR and nonHomologous End Joining = NHEJ using external DNA as a template. Meganucleases, zinc finger nuclease (ZFN), transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN), and CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 (CRISPR-associated9), are the most important genome editing tools. Crispr has become the favourite plant genome editing tool for it precision and RNA based specificity. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in the mechanism, theory and applications of CRISPR-Cas9 technology, especially in plants.

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