Assessment of Groundwater Pollution Vulnerability of Urmia Plain Using SI and DRASTIC Modified Methods

عزیزی مبصر, جوانشیر and رسول‌زاده, علی Assessment of Groundwater Pollution Vulnerability of Urmia Plain Using SI and DRASTIC Modified Methods. In: 2nd International and 6th National Iranian Congress on Organic vs. Conventional Agriculture, August 2019, Ardabil, Iran.

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Abstract

One of the best ways to prevent groundwater pollution is to identify vulnerable aquifers and manage land use. The concept of potential vulnerability is that some areas are more susceptible to groundwater pollution than others. Therefore, in this study, the vulnerability of Urmia plain aquifer was evaluated using SI and DRASTIC Modified methods. Using these methods, groundwater pollution vulnerability map of Urmia plain was prepared and compared with nitrate concentration map. The results showed that the SI model of the southern region of Urmia plain with a maximum index of 80 had the highest vulnerability and western region with an index of 25 had the least vulnerability. Also, the high vulnerability in this study area was mainly due to the impact of groundwater depth. Besides, the results showed that the aquifer contamination rate was relatively high in this plain and near the lake, overlooking potential of contamination was higher than predicted. Correlation coefficient values for SI model and nitrate values were calculated to be about 56%. Also, Pearson's coefficient for this model and nitrate concentration was 70.7. According to the results of the DRASTIC Modified model, it was found that a small part of the east of the plain, which comprises about 4% of the total area of the Urmia plain, had the highest vulnerability index between 100 and 119. About 31% of the total area of the Urmia Plain, comprising the central-eastern parts, had an index of 80 to 99 and had very little vulnerability. About 65% of the area of Orumiyeh plain had an index of 42 to 79, which was reported without risk of contamination. In this model, the lake around Urmia has a high potential for vulnerability and is susceptible to contamination. The correlation coefficient between this model and nitrate concentration variations was about 61.6%, which had high vulnerability around Urmia Lake, which had high nitrate concentration. Comparison of the results showed that in the Urmia plain for the nitrate concentration index, both models had acceptable results, but the results of the DRASTIC Modified model were relatively better.

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