Assessment of phytochemical diversity and biodiversity in some native Salvia species of Iran using trnH-psbA intergenic spacer

Golabi, Roghayeh (2017) Assessment of phytochemical diversity and biodiversity in some native Salvia species of Iran using trnH-psbA intergenic spacer. Masters thesis, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili.

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Text (بررسی تنوع فیتوشیمیایی و تنوع زیستی برخی از گونه¬های مریم گلی (Salvia) بومی ایران با استفاده از مکان بین¬ژنی trnH-psbA) Roghayeh Golabi.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview

Abstract

Salvia genus has about 58 annual and prennial herbs species in Iran of which 17 are endemic. The essential oil of different Salvia species have many uses in pharmaceutical, food, perfume and cosmetic-health industries. Considering the importance of the essential oil of different Salvia species, in order to determine the quantity and types of the compounds in essential oil of Salvia aethiopis and Salvia virgata, it was cultivated the collected seeds of these two species from different regions of Iran. The flower head-branches were dry in the shade and the essential oil was extracted by clevenger device with distillation method, and obtained essential oils were analysed by GC/MS. The major compounds of Salvia aethiopis essential oil originated from Tabriz to Mianeh were α-Copaene (34.151%), Germacrene-D (31.985%), Bicyclogermacrene (20.778%), from Ardabil region included β-Thujone (35.202%), 1,8-Cineole (15.540%), Camphore (12.867%), Bicyclogermacrene (8.283%), originated from Khalkhal region were β-Thujone (25.094%), Gramacrene-D (12.080%), α-Copaene (11.317%), from Maneh and Samalghan contained Germacrene-D (37%), α-Copaene (24.475%), Bicyclogermacrene (24.379%), Δ-Cadinene (9.352%), and from other region of Ardabil province were Bicyclogermacren (33.786%), Germacrene-D (24.597%), α-Copaene (21.816%). The major compounds of Salvia virgata essential oil originated from Babol region were α-Thujone (39.875%), 1,8-Cineole (23.419%), Camphore (19.662%), from Lordegan region included α-Thujone (38.306%), Camphore (20.882%), 1.8-Cineole (13.011%), from Qazvin region contained α-Thujone (38.457%), Camphore (20.144%), 1,8-Cineole (11.837%), other region in Qazvin province included α-Thujone (44.040%), Camphore (18.922%), 1,8-Cineole (11.230%), β-Thujone (8.486%), and from Arasbaran-Khodaafarin region were α-Thujone (39.257%), Camphore (20.998%), 1,8-Cineole (13.386%), gamma-Terpinene (5.814%). Also, DNA barcoding of 10 Salvia species including S. atropatana, S. syriaca, S. hypoleuca, S. sclarea, S. verticillata, S. sharifii, S. virgata, S. nemorosa, S. spinosa and S. aethiopis was performed using chloroplast intergenic trnH-psbA spacer. The genomic DNA of all samples was extracted and PCR products were sent to Takapozist company for sequencing. The length of amplified trnH-psbA barcodes were variable 400 to 500 bp, which amplifying and sequencing of them were 100% and 90% sucessful, respectively. The sequence analysis showed that PCR products were part of chloroplast intergenic trnH-psbA spacer and belonged to Salvia genus. Using the MEGA6 software, the phylogeny tree constructed based on Neighbor-joining method of Jukes-Cantor model with 1000 bootstraps for sequencing samples of different of Salvia species as well as various genus of Lamiaceae family retrieved from NCBI database. The results showed that the strength of trnH-psbA barcode was 10% for separating different species of Salvia genus from each other, while it completely separated different genus of Lamiaceae family from each other. Also, based on the results, 22 SNPs was calculated using alignment analysis.

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